几种常用格式和湍流模型在高速流动中的适用性研究

针对高超声速飞行器中存在的强激波、激波/边界层干扰、分离、湍流等复杂流动现象,对比分析了当前计算流体力学中的主要空间离散格式及湍流模型,发现不同格式对强激波的分辨率基本相同,Roe和LDE(low diffusion E-CUSP(convective upwind split pressure))格式对摩擦因数和传热系数的模拟优于其他格式;S-A(Spalart-Allmaras)一方程湍流模型计算的摩擦因数比k-ωSST(shear stress transport)两方程湍流模型高10%左右,而后者预测的分离区约为前者的2倍,且分离点靠前.     

基于地月L1点的载人登月飞行方案分析

为解决传统载人登月方案中重型运载火箭难以研制、交会对接窗口选择困难等问题,提出了符合我国现有技术条件的基于地月L1点的载人登月方案设想。基于对圆形限制性三体模型和地月三,点特性的分析,将载人登月任务划分为不同的飞行阶段,研究了载人登月任务的规模、系统组成以及各舱段的质量分配等。通过与基于环月轨道方案各参数的分析和对比,提出通过付出较小代价将基于环月轨道的载人登月方案转化为基于地月,L1点的载人登月方案的方法。结果分析表明,经方案转化,不但能充分发挥地月L1点的优势,而且在一定条件下可以使节省燃料成为可能。     

激光陀螺四位置寻北仪提高精度方法

为消除激光陀螺零偏和常值漂移的影响,采用四位置方案来实现高精度寻北。本文简述了单轴激光陀螺四位置寻北方案,给出了陀螺敏感轴与机体系前向偏差角标定方法,研究了寻北仪在倾斜基座下数据补偿算法。本文研究了由于在四个位置上电机转动不到位所引起的误差补偿算法。通过对寻北仪系统测试,采用电机转动不到位补偿后数据标准差降低了0.02º,激光陀螺寻北仪系统达到了高精度快速寻北的要求。     

基于氦质谱检漏仪的飞机机翼整体油箱检漏技术

介绍了氦质谱检漏的原理,基于氦质谱检漏技术,提出面向机翼整体油箱的检漏方案,包括粗漏检测方法和细漏检测方法,在此基础上,开展氦气-航空煤油泄漏对比试验,确定了能够应用于生产的初步标准。     

空间核动力技术概览与发展脉络初探

在概略介绍现有技术方案基础上,初步探讨空间核动力技术的发展脉络,并分析其未来发展方向.基于固体核反应堆的空间核电源、核电推进及核热推进,是经过试验验证可行、具有一定技术基础并可预期实现空间应用的空间核动力技术.更先进的概念方案包括:基于气体核反应堆的核电源/核热推进、脉冲核爆推进、核裂变碎片推进等,它们的性能逐代跨越直至逼近理论极限.要充分利用核能的潜力,一方面需要提高单位质量核燃料的核能释放率,另一方面也需要减少核反应产物动能转换为无轨热运动的比率.核能潜力的充分利用需要以增加系统质量为代价.为满足未来宽广的空间任务需求,多物理机制驱动的大深度变工况一体化核能空间动力系统是未来必然发展趋势.     

精密复杂零件的工艺设计过程分析

针对航天控制产品精密复杂零件的工艺难点,以该类零件的工艺设计过程为主线,分别论述了材料定额编制、工艺路线设计以及工序设计过程中的注意事项和工艺方案设计方法,并以实例进行了简要说明。     

NUMERICAL STUDY OF TWO INTERFACE METHODS FOR COMPRESSIBLE MULTI-FLUID FLOWS

INTRODUCTIONThe direct numerical simulation of com-pressible multi- fluid flows is an important re-search topic with various key applications.Therelatively dominant difficulty of simulation lies intreatment of the moving material interface. Ingeneral,there are two basic approaches to treatcontact discontinuities.The first,front trackingmethod[1,2 ] ,explicitly characterize the interfacemotion by the motion of individual points on theinterface. The other approach is front capturingmethod[3…     

拟压缩性方法数值模拟绕弹体的不可压缩层流脱体涡流动

本文应用在连续生方程中增加压力对时间导数项的拟压缩性方法，数值求解三维定常不可压缩Ｎａｖｉｅｒ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程。数值求解过程采用隐式的Ｂｅａｍ－Ｗａｒｍｉｎｇ近似因式分解格式。计算绕尖头旋成柱体的大迎角脱体涡流动，得到与实验相符的结果。     

三维Euler方程组隐式LU分解的高性能并行计算

许多非定常无粘流体力学问题的数值模拟都需要利用Euler方程组来进行计算,而由于在隐格式下,所选取的时间步长可以比在显格式下时大得多,所以隐格式越来越受到重视,其中隐式LU分解是最常用的方法之一。对三维Euler方程组,采用隐式LU分解进行计算时,网格点所在的各个对角阵面之间存在数据依赖关系,本文分析了采用区域分解且边界上用显格式代替隐格式进行计算的高效性,在长方体建筑物内的爆炸模拟表明,在有112个CPU的某MPP巨型机上,并行计算效率超过60%。本文还分析了计算结果与串行计算时的差异,以及利用区域重叠减小这种差异的方法,同时考虑了对处理器进行合理的逻辑组织,将计算网格映射到处理器网格,以最大限度减少通信开销的方法。文中最后以一个爆炸毁伤的例子实际说明了所述方法的可行性与高效性。     

A Class of TVD Type Combined Numerical Scheme for MHD Equations With a Survey About Numerical Methods in Solar Wind Simulations

It has been believed that three-dimensional, numerical, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modelling must play a crucial role in a seamless forecasting system. This system refers to space weather originating on the sun; propagation of disturbances through the solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), and thence, transmission into the magnetosphere, ionosphere, and thermosphere. This role comes as no surprise to numerical modelers that participate in the numerical modelling of atmospheric environments as well as the meteorological conditions at Earth. Space scientists have paid great attention to operational numerical space weather prediction models. To this purpose practical progress has been made in the past years. Here first is reviewed the progress of the numerical methods in solar wind modelling. Then, based on our discussion, a new numerical scheme of total variation diminishing (TVD) type for magnetohydrodynamic equations in spherical coordinates is proposed by taking into account convergence, stability and resolution. This new MHD model is established by solving the fluid equations of MHD system with a modified Lax-Friedrichs scheme and the magnetic induction equations with MacCormack II scheme for the purpose of developing a combined scheme of quick convergence as well as of TVD property. To verify the validation of the scheme, the propagation of one-dimensional MHD fast and slow shock problem is discussed with the numerical results conforming to the existing results obtained by the piece-wise parabolic method (PPM). Finally, some conclusions are made. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.